In
a town in Persia there dwelt two brothers, one named Cassim, the other
Ali Baba. Cassim was married to a rich wife and lived in plenty, while
Ali Baba had to maintain his wife and children by cutting wood in a
neighboring forest and selling it in the town.
One
day, when Ali Baba was in the forest, he saw a troop of men on
horseback, coming toward him in a cloud of dust. He was afraid they were
robbers, and climbed into a tree for safety. When they came up to him
and dismounted, he counted forty of them. They unbridled their horses
and tied them to trees.
The
finest man among them, whom Ali Baba took to be their captain, went a
little way among some bushes, and said, "Open, Sesame!" so plainly that
Ali Baba heard him.
A
door opened in the rocks, and having made the troop go in, he followed
them, and the door shut again of itself. They stayed some time inside,
and Ali Baba, fearing they might come out and catch him, was forced to
sit patiently in the tree. At last the door opened again, and the Forty
Thieves came out. As the Captain went in last he came out first, and
made them all pass by him; he then closed the door, saying, "Shut,
Sesame!"
Every man bridled his horse and mounted, the Captain put himself at their head, and they returned as they came.
Then Ali Baba climbed down and went to the door concealed among the bushes, and said, "Open, Sesame!" and it flew open.
Ali
Baba, who expected a dull, dismal place, was greatly surprised to find
it large and well lighted, hollowed by the hand of man in the form of a
vault, which received the light from an opening in the ceiling. He saw
rich bales of merchandise -- silk, stuff-brocades, all piled together,
and gold and silver in heaps, and money in leather purses. He went in
and the door shut behind him. He did not look at the silver, but brought
out as many bags of gold as he thought his asses, which were browsing
outside, could carry, loaded them with the bags, and hid it all with
fagots.
Using the words, "Shut, Sesame!" he closed the door and went home.
Then
he drove his asses into the yard, shut the gates, carried the
money-bags to his wife, and emptied them out before her. He bade her
keep the secret, and he would go and bury the gold.
"Let me first measure it," said his wife. "I will go borrow a measure of someone, while you dig the hole."
So
she ran to the wife of Cassim and borrowed a measure. Knowing Ali
Baba's poverty, the sister was curious to find out what sort of grain
his wife wished to measure, and artfully put some suet at the bottom of
the measure. Ali Baba's wife went home and set the measure on the heap
of gold, and filled it and emptied it often, to her great content. She
then carried it back to her sister, without noticing that a piece of
gold was sticking to it, which Cassim's wife perceived directly her back
was turned.
She
grew very curious, and said to Cassim when he came home, "Cassim, your
brother is richer than you. He does not count his money, he measures
it."
He
begged her to explain this riddle, which she did by showing him the
piece of money and telling him where she found it. Then Cassim grew so
envious that he could not sleep, and went to his brother in the morning
before sunrise. "Ali Baba," he said, showing him the gold piece, "you
pretend to be poor and yet you measure gold."
By
this Ali Baba perceived that through his wife's folly Cassim and his
wife knew their secret, so he confessed all and offered Cassim a share.
"That
I expect," said Cassim; "but I must know where to find the treasure,
otherwise I will discover all, and you will lose all."
Ali
Baba, more out of kindness than fear, told him of the cave, and the
very words to use. Cassim left Ali Baba, meaning to be beforehand with
him and get the treasure for himself. He rose early next morning, and
set out with ten mules loaded with great chests. He soon found the
place, and the door in the rock.
He
said, "Open, Sesame!" and the door opened and shut behind him. He could
have feasted his eyes all day on the treasures, but he now hastened to
gather together as much of it as possible; but when he was ready to go
he could not remember what to say for thinking of his great riches.
Instead of "Sesame," he said, "Open, Barley!" and the door remained
fast. He named several different sorts of grain, all but the right one,
and the door still stuck fast. He was so frightened at the danger he was
in that he had as much forgotten the word as if he had never heard it.
About
noon the robbers returned to their cave, and saw Cassim's mules roving
about with great chests on their backs. This gave them the alarm; they
drew their sabers, and went to the door, which opened on their Captain's
saying, "Open, Sesame!"
Cassim,
who had heard the trampling of their horses' feet, resolved to sell his
life dearly, so when the door opened he leaped out and threw the
Captain down. In vain, however, for the robbers with their sabers soon
killed him. On entering the cave they saw all the bags laid ready, and
could not imagine how anyone had got in without knowing their secret.
They cut Cassim's body into four quarters, and nailed them up inside the
cave, in order to frighten anyone who should venture in, and went away
in search of more treasure.
As
night drew on Cassim's wife grew very uneasy, and ran to her
brother-in-law, and told him where her husband had gone. Ali Baba did
his best to comfort her, and set out to the forest in search of Cassim.
The first thing he saw on entering the cave was his dead brother. Full
of horror, he put the body on one of his asses, and bags of gold on the
other two, and, covering all with some fagots, returned home. He drove
the two asses laden with gold into his own yard, and led the other to
Cassim's house.
The
door was opened by the slave Morgiana, whom he knew to be both brave
and cunning. Unloading the ass, he said to her, "This is the body of
your master, who has been murdered, but whom we must bury as though he
had died in his bed. I will speak with you again, but now tell your
mistress I am come."
The
wife of Cassim, on learning the fate of her husband, broke out into
cries and tears, but Ali Baba offered to take her to live with him and
his wife if she would promise to keep his counsel and leave everything
to Morgiana; whereupon she agreed, and dried her eyes.
Morgiana,
meanwhile, sought an apothecary and asked him for some lozenges. "My
poor master," she said, "can neither eat nor speak, and no one knows
what his distemper is." She carried home the lozenges and returned next
day weeping, and asked for an essence only given to those just about to
die.
Thus,
in the evening, no one was surprised to hear the wretched shrieks and
cries of Cassim's wife and Morgiana, telling everyone that Cassim was
dead.
The
day after Morgiana went to an old cobbler near the gates of the town
who opened his stall early, put a piece of gold in his hand, and bade
him follow her with his needle and thread. Having bound his eyes with a
handkerchief, she took him to the room where the body lay, pulled off
the bandage, and bade him sew the quarters together, after which she
covered his eyes again and led him home. Then they buried Cassim, and
Morgiana his slave followed him to the grave, weeping and tearing her
hair, while Cassim's wife stayed at home uttering lamentable cries. Next
day she went to live with Ali Baba, who gave Cassim's shop to his
eldest son.
The Forty Thieves, on their return to the cave, were much astonished to find Cassim's body gone and some of their money-bags.
"We
are certainly discovered," said the Captain, "and shall be undone if we
cannot find out who it is that knows our secret. Two men must have
known it; we have killed one, we must now find the other. To this end
one of you who is bold and artful must go into the city dressed as a
traveler, and discover whom we have killed, and whether men talk of the
strange manner of his death. If the messenger fails he must lose his
life, lest we be betrayed."
One
of the thieves started up and offered to do this, and after the rest
had highly commended him for his bravery he disguised himself, and
happened to enter the town at daybreak, just by Baba Mustapha's stall.
The thief bade him good-day, saying, "Honest man, how can you possibly
see to stitch at your age?"
"Old
as I am," replied the cobbler, "I have very good eyes, and will you
believe me when I tell you that I sewed a dead body together in a place
where I had less light than I have now."
The
robber was overjoyed at his good fortune, and, giving him a piece of
gold, desired to be shown the house where he stitched up the dead body.
At first Mustapha refused, saying that he had been blindfolded; but when
the robber gave him another piece of gold he began to think he might
remember the turnings if blindfolded as before. This means succeeded;
the robber partly led him, and was partly guided by him, right in front
of Cassim's house, the door of which the robber marked with a piece of
chalk. Then, well pleased, he bade farewell to Baba Mustapha and
returned to the forest. By and by Morgiana, going out, saw the mark the
robber had made, quickly guessed that some mischief was brewing, and
fetching a piece of chalk marked two or three doors on each side,
without saying anything to her master or mistress.
The
thief, meantime, told his comrades of his discovery. The Captain
thanked him, and bade him show him the house he had marked. But when
they came to it they saw that five or six of the houses were chalked in
the same manner. The guide was so confounded that he knew not what
answer to make, and when they returned he was at once beheaded for
having failed.
Another
robber was dispatched, and, having won over Baba Mustapha, marked the
house in red chalk; but Morgiana being again too clever for them, the
second messenger was put to death also.
The
Captain now resolved to go himself, but, wiser than the others, he did
not mark the house, but looked at it so closely that he could not fail
to remember it. He returned, and ordered his men to go into the
neighboring villages and buy nineteen mules, and thirty-eight leather
jars, all empty except one, which was full of oil. The Captain put one
of his men, fully armed, into each, rubbing the outside of the jars with
oil from the full vessel. Then the nineteen mules were loaded with
thirty-seven robbers in jars, and the jar of oil, and reached the town
by dusk.
The
Captain stopped his mules in front of Ali Baba's house, and said to Ali
Baba, who was sitting outside for coolness, "I have brought some oil
from a distance to sell at tomorrow's market, but it is now so late that
I know not where to pass the night, unless you will do me the favor to
take me in."
Though
Ali Baba had seen the Captain of the robbers in the forest, he did not
recognize him in the disguise of an oil merchant. He bade him welcome,
opened his gates for the mules to enter, and went to Morgiana to bid her
prepare a bed and supper for his guest. He brought the stranger into
his hall, and after they had supped went again to speak to Morgiana in
the kitchen, while the Captain went into the yard under pretense of
seeing after his mules, but really to tell his men what to do.
Beginning
at the first jar and ending at the last, he said to each man, "As soon
as I throw some stones from the window of the chamber where I lie, cut
the jars open with your knives and come out, and I will be with you in a
trice."
He
returned to the house, and Morgiana led him to his chamber. She then
told Abdallah, her fellow slave, to set on the pot to make some broth
for her master, who had gone to bed. Meanwhile her lamp went out, and
she had no more oil in the house.
"Do not be uneasy," said Abdallah; "go into the yard and take some out of one of those jars."
Morgiana
thanked him for his advice, took the oil pot, and went into the yard.
When she came to the first jar the robber inside said softly, "Is it
time?"
Any
other slave but Morgiana, on finding a man in the jar instead of the
oil she wanted, would have screamed and made a noise; but she, knowing
the danger her master was in, bethought herself of a plan, and answered
quietly, "Not yet, but presently."
She
went to all the jars, giving the same answer, till she came to the jar
of oil. She now saw that her master, thinking to entertain an oil
merchant, had let thirty-eight robbers into his house. She filled her
oil pot, went back to the kitchen, and, having lit her lamp, went again
to the oil jar and filled a large kettle full of oil. When it boiled she
went and poured enough oil into every jar to stifle and kill the robber
inside. When this brave deed was done she went back to the kitchen, put
out the fire and the lamp, and waited to see what would happen.
In
a quarter of an hour the Captain of the robbers awoke, got up, and
opened the window. As all seemed quiet, he threw down some little
pebbles which hit the jars. He listened, and as none of his men seemed
to stir he grew uneasy, and went down into the yard. On going to the
first jar and saying, "Are you asleep?" he smelt the hot boiled oil, and
knew at once that his plot to murder Ali Baba and his household had
been discovered. He found all the gang was dead, and, missing the oil
out of the last jar, became aware of the manner of their death. He then
forced the lock of a door leading into a garden, and climbing over
several walls made his escape. Morgiana heard and saw all this, and,
rejoicing at her success, went to bed and fell asleep.
At
daybreak Ali Baba arose, and, seeing the oil jars still there, asked
why the merchant had not gone with his mules. Morgiana bade him look in
the first jar and see if there was any oil. Seeing a man, he started
back in terror. "Have no fear," said Morgiana; "the man cannot harm you;
he is dead."
Ali Baba, when he had recovered somewhat from his astonishment, asked what had become of the merchant.
"Merchant!"
said she, "he is no more a merchant than I am!" and she told him the
whole story, assuring him that it was a plot of the robbers of the
forest, of whom only three were left, and that the white and red chalk
marks had something to do with it. Ali Baba at once gave Morgiana her
freedom, saying that he owed her his life. They then buried the bodies
in Ali Baba's garden, while the mules were sold in the market by his
slaves.
The
Captain returned to his lonely cave, which seemed frightful to him
without his lost companions, and firmly resolved to avenge them by
killing Ali Baba. He dressed himself carefully, and went into the town,
where he took lodgings in an inn. In the course of a great many journeys
to the forest he carried away many rich stuffs and much fine linen, and
set up a shop opposite that of Ali Baba's son. He called himself Cogia
Hassan, and as he was both civil and well dressed he soon made friends
with Ali Baba's son, and through him with Ali Baba, whom he was
continually asking to sup with him.
Ali
Baba, wishing to return his kindness, invited him into his house and
received him smiling, thanking him for his kindness to his son.
When
the merchant was about to take his leave Ali Baba stopped him, saying,
"Where are you going, sir, in such haste? Will you not stay and sup with
me?"
The
merchant refused, saying that he had a reason; and, on Ali Baba's
asking him what that was, he replied, "It is, sir, that I can eat no
victuals that have any salt in them."
"If
that is all," said Ali Baba, "let me tell you that there shall be no
salt in either the meat or the bread that we eat to-night."
He went to give this order to Morgiana, who was much surprised.
"Who is this man," she said, "who eats no salt with his meat?"
"He is an honest man, Morgiana," returned her master; "therefore do as I bid you."
But
she could not withstand a desire to see this strange man, so she helped
Abdallah to carry up the dishes, and saw in a moment that Cogia Hassan
was the robber Captain, and carried a dagger under his garment.
"I
am not surprised," she said to herself, "that this wicked man, who
intends to kill my master, will eat no salt with him; but I will hinder
his plans."
She
sent up the supper by Abdallah, while she made ready for one of the
boldest acts that could be thought on. When the dessert had been served,
Cogia Hassan was left alone with Ali Baba and his son, whom he thought
to make drunk and then to murder them. Morgiana, meanwhile, put on a
headdress like a dancing-girl's, and clasped a girdle round her waist,
from which hung a dagger with a silver hilt, and said to Abdallah,
"Take your tabor, and let us go and divert our master and his guest."
Abdallah
took his tabor and played before Morgiana until they came to the door,
where Abdallah stopped playing and Morgiana made a low courtesy.
"Come
in, Morgiana," said Ali Baba, "and let Cogia Hassan see what you can
do"; and, turning to Cogia Hassan, he said, "She's my slave and my
housekeeper."
Cogia
Hassan was by no means pleased, for he feared that his chance of
killing Ali Baba was gone for the present; but he pretended great
eagerness to see Morgiana, and Abdallah began to play and Morgiana to
dance. After she had performed several dances she drew her dagger and
made passes with it, sometimes pointing it at her own breast, sometimes
at her master's, as if it were part of the dance. Suddenly, out of
breath, she snatched the tabor from Abdallah with her left hand, and,
holding the dagger in her right hand, held out the tabor to her master.
Ali Baba and his son put a piece of gold into it, and Cogia Hassan,
seeing that she was coming to him, pulled out his purse to make her a
present, but while he was putting his hand into it Morgiana plunged the
dagger into his heart.
"Unhappy girl!" cried Ali Baba and his son, "what have you done to ruin us?"
"It
was to preserve you, master, not to ruin you," answered Morgiana. "See
here," opening the false merchant's garment and showing the dagger; "see
what an enemy you have entertained! Remember, he would eat no salt with
you, and what more would you have? Look at him! he is both the false
oil merchant and the Captain of the Forty Thieves."
Ali
Baba was so grateful to Morgiana for thus saving his life that he
offered her to his son in marriage, who readily consented, and a few
days after the wedding was celebrated with greatest splendor.
Source : English Indo
Sir Isaac Newton adalah seorang fisikawan,